Question 1

Which of the following is an effective way to increase helping behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reduce the ambiguity of the situation
B)   Model prosocial behaviour
C)   Make people feel guilty
D)   All of these choicesE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Despite ongoing theoretical and empirical debate, research may never show that empathy-based helping is a source of genuine altruism because

Accepted Answer

A)   neither empathy nor altruism can be adequately defined.
B)   no experiment rules out all possible egoistic explanations for helpfulness.
C)   personal survival overrides all other human motives.
D)   psychological egoism has been convincingly demonstrated in all other forms of social behaviour.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Describe the egoistic and altruistic routes to helping. Be sure to relate these to the emotion felt, motives for helping, and subsequent behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The egoistic route to helping is driven ...

Question 4

The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives to enhance the survival of mutually shared genes is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   evolutionary kinship.
B)   altruistic selection.
C)   kin selection.
D)   self-serving helpfulness.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Devon and Yvonne are from England, James is from France, and Tikh is a man from India. Which one of these people is most likely to support and act on the norm of social responsibility?

Accepted Answer

A)   Yvonne
B)   Devon and James are equally likely to act on it, and more likely than Yvonne or Tikh
C)   Devon and Yvonne are equally likely to act on it, and more likely than James or Tikh
D)   TikhE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following seem to contribute to the fact that people in bigger, more densely populated cities are less likely to help?

Accepted Answer

A)   compassion fatigue
B)   diffusion of responsibility
C)   sensory overload from encountering so many people in need
D)   all of these choicesE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

In a study by McMillen and Austin, participants were induced to feel guilty by denying that they had been tipped off by an accomplice about how to answer test questions. After the test, the experimenter asked participants if they had any spare time to volunteer. Results showed that

Accepted Answer

A)   guilty participants wanted to leave immediately.
B)   guilty participants volunteered significantly more time than nonguilty participants did.
C)   nonguilty participants volunteered significantly more time than guilty participants did.
D)   guilty participants agreed to stay but distraction over their guilt feelings kept them from performing the task adequately.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

The reciprocity norm should be strongest for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Kent, a London resident
B)   Julia, a New York city resident
C)   Missy, a resident of a small, rural farm town
D)   Tam, a Tokyo residentE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

According to Donald Campbell, the reason that humans sometimes demonstrate nonreciprocal altruism toward strangers is that

Accepted Answer

A)   unique circumstances have created a genetic predisposition to be selfless in rare individuals.
B)   human societies have evolved ethical rules such as "Love your neighbour."
C)   improved communication has made the world smaller and thus everyone is our kin.
D)   helpers misperceive strangers as either close kin or capable of reciprocity.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

According to research, helping ___________ a bad mood and __________ positive self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A)   softens; sustains
B)   increases; decreases
C)   increases; sustains
D)   softens; increasesE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Takooshian and Bodinger (1982)  staged hundreds of car burglaries in 18 cities. They found that fewer than 1 in 10 passers-by

Accepted Answer

A)   called the police.
B)   interpreted the event as a burglary.
C)   tried to stop them.
D)   even questioned their activity.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The ultimate goal of altruism is to ______________, and the ultimate goal of egoism is to ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   contribute to another's welfare; contribute to one's own welfare.
B)   contribute to one's own welfare; contribute to one's own welfare.
C)   contribute to another's welfare; contribute to one's own welfare as well as another's welfare.
D)   diminish one's own welfare; contribute to one's own welfare.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

About 15 people are waiting at a bus stop after dark. Flames suddenly begin to shoot out the window of a house across the street. Someone instantly calls the fire department while several other people run across the street to alert those in the house. Why did the bystander effect not occur in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Everyone is afraid of fire.
B)   The bystander effect did occur.
C)   It was after dark and therefore people were more willing to help.
D)   The situation was clearly an emergency.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

The vicarious experience of another's feeling is

Accepted Answer

A)   egoism.
B)   empathy.
C)   altruism.
D)   voyeurism.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

The finding that people will sometimes persist in wanting to help a suffering person even when they believe their distressed mood has been temporarily frozen by a "mood-fixing" drug suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   egoism is a strong motivator of helping behaviour.
B)   social-exchange theory is a powerful predictor of helping behaviour.
C)   empathy is a poor predictor of helping behaviour.
D)   genuine altruism may exist.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

According to Darley and Latané, even if people notice an event that they realize to be an emergency, _______________ in the presence of other bystanders can inhibit helping.

Accepted Answer

A)   pluralistic ignorance
B)   diffusion of responsibility
C)   self-presentation concerns
D)   anxietyE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

A charitable organization telephones to ask Mary to contribute $100 to send delinquent youth to a summer camp. After she refuses, the solicitor asks if she would be willing to give just $10. Mary agrees. Mary was influenced by the __________ technique.

Accepted Answer

A)   foot-in-the-door
B)   face-in-the-mirror
C)   overjustification
D)   door-in-the-faceE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Mail surveys and solicitations sometimes try to boost response rates by including a small gift (e.g., greeting cards) . This strategy is based on

Accepted Answer

A)   altruistic motives.
B)   the social responsibility norm.
C)   the norm of reciprocity.
D)   the door-in-the-face technique.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Exam 9: Aggression: Hurting Others

The ultimate goal of altruism is to , and the ultimate goal of egoism is to __.

Correct Answer
verified

Mail surveys and solicitations sometimes try to boost response rates by including a small gift (e.g., greeting cards) . This strategy is based on

Correct Answer
verified

In a study by McMillen and Austin, participants were induced to feel guilty by denying that they had been tipped off by an accomplice about how to answer test questions. After the test, the experimenter asked participants if they had any spare time to volunteer. Results showed that

Correct Answer
verified

Devon and Yvonne are from England, James is from France, and Tikh is a man from India. Which one of these people is most likely to support and act on the norm of social responsibility?

Correct Answer
verified

The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives to enhance the survival of mutually shared genes is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

The finding that people will sometimes persist in wanting to help a suffering person even when they believe their distressed mood has been temporarily frozen by a "mood-fixing" drug suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

The vicarious experience of another's feeling is

Correct Answer
verified

The reciprocity norm should be strongest for which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Donald Campbell, the reason that humans sometimes demonstrate nonreciprocal altruism toward strangers is that

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following seem to contribute to the fact that people in bigger, more densely populated cities are less likely to help?

Correct Answer
verified

Takooshian and Bodinger (1982) staged hundreds of car burglaries in 18 cities. They found that fewer than 1 in 10 passers-by

Correct Answer
verified

Despite ongoing theoretical and empirical debate, research may never show that empathy-based helping is a source of genuine altruism because

Correct Answer
verified

A charitable organization telephones to ask Mary to contribute $100 to send delinquent youth to a summer camp. After she refuses, the solicitor asks if she would be willing to give just $10. Mary agrees. Mary was influenced by the __________ technique.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Darley and Latané, even if people notice an event that they realize to be an emergency, _______________ in the presence of other bystanders can inhibit helping.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an effective way to increase helping behaviour?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the egoistic and altruistic routes to helping. Be sure to relate these to the emotion felt, motives for helping, and subsequent behaviour.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The egoistic route to helping is driven ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

According to research, helping _ a bad mood and positive self-esteem.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 9: Aggression: Hurting Others

The ultimate goal of altruism is to ______________, and the ultimate goal of egoism is to ________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mail surveys and solicitations sometimes try to boost response rates by including a small gift (e.g., greeting cards) . This strategy is based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by McMillen and Austin, participants were induced to feel guilty by denying that they had been tipped off by an accomplice about how to answer test questions. After the test, the experimenter asked participants if they had any spare time to volunteer. Results showed that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Devon and Yvonne are from England, James is from France, and Tikh is a man from India. Which one of these people is most likely to support and act on the norm of social responsibility?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives to enhance the survival of mutually shared genes is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The finding that people will sometimes persist in wanting to help a suffering person even when they believe their distressed mood has been temporarily frozen by a "mood-fixing" drug suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vicarious experience of another's feeling is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reciprocity norm should be strongest for which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Donald Campbell, the reason that humans sometimes demonstrate nonreciprocal altruism toward strangers is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following seem to contribute to the fact that people in bigger, more densely populated cities are less likely to help?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Takooshian and Bodinger (1982) staged hundreds of car burglaries in 18 cities. They found that fewer than 1 in 10 passers-by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Despite ongoing theoretical and empirical debate, research may never show that empathy-based helping is a source of genuine altruism because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A charitable organization telephones to ask Mary to contribute $100 to send delinquent youth to a summer camp. After she refuses, the solicitor asks if she would be willing to give just $10. Mary agrees. Mary was influenced by the __________ technique.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Darley and Latané, even if people notice an event that they realize to be an emergency, _______________ in the presence of other bystanders can inhibit helping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an effective way to increase helping behaviour?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the egoistic and altruistic routes to helping. Be sure to relate these to the emotion felt, motives for helping, and subsequent behaviour.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe egoistic route to helping is driven ...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research, helping ___________ a bad mood and __________ positive self-esteem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ultimate goal of altruism is to , and the ultimate goal of egoism is to __.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The egoistic route to helping is driven ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

According to research, helping _ a bad mood and positive self-esteem.

Correct Answer
verified