Question 1

The fimbriae of Neisseria gonorrhea and enteropathogenic E. coli are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)   adhesins.
B)   receptors.
C)   ligands.
D)   adhesins and ligands.
E)   adhesins, ligands, and receptors.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Siderophores are bacterial proteins that compete with the host's

Accepted Answer

A)   antibodies.
B)   receptors.
C)   red blood cells.
D)   white blood cells.
E)   iron- transport proteins.F) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 3

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Coagulase destroys blood clots.
B)   Kinase destroys fibrin clots.
C)   Hyaluronidase breaks down substances between cells.
D)   Leukocidins destroy neutrophils.
E)   Hemolysins lyse red blood cells.F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the symptoms of a fungal disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   toxins
B)   allergic response of the host
C)   capsules
D)   cell walls
E)   metabolic productsF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Symptoms of protozoan and helminthic diseases are due to

Accepted Answer

A)   tissue damage due to growth of the parasite on the tissues.
B)   waste products excreted by the parasite.
C)   products released from damaged tissues.
D)   tissue damage due to growth of the parasite on the tissues and waste products excreted by the parasite.
E)   tissue damage due to growth of the parasite on the tissues, waste products excreted by the parasite, and products released from damaged tissues.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

Bacterium  Portal of Entry  ID50  Stephylococcus aureus  Wound <10 Stephylococcus aureus  Wound + Ampicillin 300\begin{array} { l | l | l } 	ext { Bacterium } & 	ext { Portal of Entry } & 	ext { ID50 } \\hline 	ext { Stephylococcus aureus } & 	ext { Wound } & < 10 \\hline 	ext { Stephylococcus aureus } & 	ext { Wound + Ampicillin } & 300\end{array} Bacterium  Stephylococcus aureus  Stephylococcus aureus ​ Portal of Entry  Wound  Wound + Ampicillin ​ ID50 <10300​​  Table 15.1 shows the ID50 for Staphylococcus aureus in wounds with and without the administration of ampicillin before surgery. Based on the data, the administration of ampicillin before surgery

Accepted Answer

A)   increases the risk of staphylococcal infection.
B)   decreases the risk of staphylococcal infection.
C)   replaces tetracycline.
D)   has no effect on risk of infection.
E)   The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

The ID50is

Accepted Answer

A)   the dose that will kill 50 percent of the test population.
B)   the dose that will cause an infection in some of the test population.
C)   the dose that will kill some of the test population.
D)   the dose that will cause an infection in 50 percent of the test population.
E)   a measure of pathogenicity.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of the following statements about exotoxins is generally FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are resistant to heat.
B)   They are produced by gram- positive bacteria.
C)   They are composed of proteins.
D)   They are more potent than endotoxins.
E)   They have specific methods of action.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

The M protein enhances the virulence of Streptococcus by preventing phagocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Cholera toxin polypeptide A binds to surface gangliosides on target cells. If the gangliosides were removed,

Accepted Answer

A)   polypeptide A would bind to target cells.
B)   polypeptide B would not be able to enter the cells.
C)   polypeptide A would enter the cells.
D)   Vibrio would bind to target cells.
E)   Vibrio would not produce cholera toxin.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Botulism is caused by ingestion of a proteinaceous exotoxin; therefore, it can easily be prevented by

Accepted Answer

A)   filtering food.
B)   administering antibiotics to patients.
C)   not eating canned food.
D)   boiling food prior to consumption.
E)   preventing fecal contamination of food.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Nonpathogenic Vibrio cholerae can acquire the cholera toxin gene by

Accepted Answer

A)   conjugation.
B)   infecting a pathogenic Vibrio cholerae.
C)   transduction.
D)   transformation.
E)   phagocytosis.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Table 15.2   Bacterium  ID 50 E. coli O157:H7 20 Legionella  pneumophila 1 Shigella 10 Treponema  pallicum 57\begin{array} { | l | c | } \hline 	ext { Bacterium } & 	ext { ID } 50 \\hline 	ext { E. coli O157:H7 } & 20 \\hline \begin{array} { l } 	ext { Legionella } \	ext { pneumophila }\end{array} & 1 \\hline 	ext { Shigella } & 10 \\hline \begin{array} { l } 	ext { Treponema } \	ext { pallicum }\end{array} & 57 \\hline\end{array} Bacterium  E. coli O157:H7  Legionella  pneumophila ​ Shigella  Treponema  pallicum ​​ ID 502011057​​ 
-Which organism in Table 15.2 most easily causes an infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Shigella
B)   E. coli O157:H7
C)   Treponema pallidum
D)   Legionella pneumophila
E)   The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Twenty- five people developed symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea three to six hours after attending a church picnic where they ate a ham and green bean casserole with cream sauce. The most likely cause of this case of food intoxication is

Accepted Answer

A)   cholera toxin.
B)   staphylococcal enterotoxin.
C)   botulinum toxin.
D)   erythrogenic toxin.
E)   aflatoxin.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following contributes to the virulence of a pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A)   toxin production
B)   evasion of host defenses
C)   numbers of microorganisms that gain access to a host
D)   numbers of microorganisms that gain access to a host and evasion of host defenses
E)   numbers of microorganisms that gain access to a host, evasion of host defenses, and toxin productionF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

All of the following are examples of entry via the parenteral route EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   bite.
B)   hair follicle.
C)   surgery.
D)   injection.
E)   skin cut.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following mechanisms is used by gram- negative bacteria to cross the blood- brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)   inducing TNF
B)   antigenic variation
C)   producing fimbriae
D)   producing toxins
E)   inducing endocytosisF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 18

All of the following are used by bacteria to attach to host cells EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   ligands.
B)   capsules.
C)   M protein.
D)   A- B toxins.
E)   fimbriae.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Ergot and aflatoxin are toxins sometimes found in grains contaminated with fungi.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella produce invasins that bind host cells, thus causing the cells to

Accepted Answer

A)   engulf the bacteria.
B)   release TNF.
C)   release cytokines.
D)   produce iron- binding proteins.
E)   destroy the bacteria.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 15: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Botulism is caused by ingestion of a proteinaceous exotoxin; therefore, it can easily be prevented by

Correct Answer
verified

Nonpathogenic Vibrio cholerae can acquire the cholera toxin gene by

Correct Answer
verified

The M protein enhances the virulence of Streptococcus by preventing phagocytosis.

Correct Answer
verified

Ergot and aflatoxin are toxins sometimes found in grains contaminated with fungi.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following mechanisms is used by gram- negative bacteria to cross the blood- brain barrier?

Correct Answer
verified

Twenty- five people developed symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea three to six hours after attending a church picnic where they ate a ham and green bean casserole with cream sauce. The most likely cause of this case of food intoxication is

Correct Answer
verified

The fimbriae of Neisseria gonorrhea and enteropathogenic E. coli are examples of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following contributes to the virulence of a pathogen?

Correct Answer
verified

Cholera toxin polypeptide A binds to surface gangliosides on target cells. If the gangliosides were removed,

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are used by bacteria to attach to host cells EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about exotoxins is generally FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

The ID₅₀is

Correct Answer
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Bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella produce invasins that bind host cells, thus causing the cells to

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are examples of entry via the parenteral route EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Siderophores are bacterial proteins that compete with the host's

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following does NOT contribute to the symptoms of a fungal disease?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Symptoms of protozoan and helminthic diseases are due to

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 15: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Botulism is caused by ingestion of a proteinaceous exotoxin; therefore, it can easily be prevented by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nonpathogenic Vibrio cholerae can acquire the cholera toxin gene by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The M protein enhances the virulence of Streptococcus by preventing phagocytosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ergot and aflatoxin are toxins sometimes found in grains contaminated with fungi.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following mechanisms is used by gram- negative bacteria to cross the blood- brain barrier?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Twenty- five people developed symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea three to six hours after attending a church picnic where they ate a ham and green bean casserole with cream sauce. The most likely cause of this case of food intoxication is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fimbriae of Neisseria gonorrhea and enteropathogenic E. coli are examples of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following contributes to the virulence of a pathogen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cholera toxin polypeptide A binds to surface gangliosides on target cells. If the gangliosides were removed,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are used by bacteria to attach to host cells EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about exotoxins is generally FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ID50is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella produce invasins that bind host cells, thus causing the cells to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are examples of entry via the parenteral route EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Siderophores are bacterial proteins that compete with the host's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the symptoms of a fungal disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Symptoms of protozoan and helminthic diseases are due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The ID₅₀is

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