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Exam 7: Metabolism: From Food to Life

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Question 31

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When creating a protein, amino acids are linked by a peptide bond and a molecule of water is released. What type of a reaction is this? Would this reaction require energy or release energy? Explain why.

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A chemical reaction that results in the ...

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Question 32

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What would be the effects of an iron deficiency on the enzymes that require iron for their activation?

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In this case, iron would be acting as a ...

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Question 33

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A molecule that gives up electrons is:

In the absence of oxygen, glucose is catabolized to:

Which cellular organelle is the primary site of ATP production?

Omar is a marathon runner. He tells you that he has heard that fat is the primary energy source used for endurance events and that he is going to switch to a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet to improve his performance. Do you agree with him? Why or why not?

Shelley needs to be home in two hours. She has had three drinks in the past hour and would like to speed up the metabolism of alcohol so she can drive home. What advice would you provide her?

The production of energy from carbohydrates through oxidation-reduction reactions ultimately yields:

Juan ate a healthy, well-balanced meal four hours ago and is resting comfortably on the couch. Which metabolic pathway is providing most of his ATP?

You have eaten a large meal that provided an excessive amount of carbohydrates, ketogenic amino acids, and alcohol. What process will your body use to convert these nutrients to a form of energy that can be easily stored?

The oxidation of alcohol occurs primarily in the:

In addition to the small intestine, alcohol is absorbed directly from the:

A doctor sees a patient who is asking for a prescription for pain killers. The patient explains that they used to cope with the pain by drinking three beers each evening but that they don't notice the same euphoric feeling anymore. The doctor can smell alcohol on the patient's breath and suspects that the patient often abuses alcohol. The doctor refuses to give the patient a prescription for pain killers. What can the doctor say to explain why the patient does not feel an effect after consuming 3 beers any longer. Is the doctor's decision to refuse pain killers correct? Explain why or why not. Include information on how alcohol is metabolized in your response.

Which of the following cells must rely on anaerobic metabolism for ATP production?

Carnitine has been sold as a "fat burning" supplement. Most studies find that carnitine supplementation is not effective in those with adequate levels; however, explain why someone might argue that carnitine can help "burn fat."

Which food should be avoided in galactosemia?

Explain why triglycerides are the most useful form of stored energy.

The primary high energy molecule in human metabolism is:

Cynthia just finished eating a balanced meal and is now watching the television. Which of the following is providing the majority of her cells' energy needs?

The tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) is a continuous circle of how many metabolic reactions?