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Exam 3: Social Beliefs and Judgments

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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According to the text,observers tend to attribute a person's behavior to _______ the more that time passes.

A) the situation
B) his or her personal characteristics
C) both the situation and his or her personal characteristics
D) neither the situation nor his or her personal characteristics

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 2

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While waiting to cross the street,you witness a man running a red light-causing a three-car accident.Just after it happens,the man who ran the stoplight gets out of the car to talk to you.He tells you that the light was yellow.Later you tell police that you remembered the light being yellow,not red,when the man went through the intersection.This scenario illustrates

A) the priming effect.
B) the confirmation bias.
C) belief perseverance.
D) the misinformation effect.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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D

Question 3

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following best explains why Olympic bronze medalists express more happiness than silver medalists?

Provide an example of the overconfidence phenomenon in the workplace.

Assuming most crimes involve violence because the news generally reports on rapes,robberies,and beatings is an example of the _______ heuristic.

Jumping out of your seat as a result of an unexpected scene in a movie is what type of thinking?

People in Western cultures are more inclined to assume that others' behaviors

The cognitive rule that judges the likelihood of things in terms of their availability in memory is called the _____ heuristic.

Steve likes Samantha.He has asked her out every day for the last month and believes that she is flattered by his unwavering attention.Samantha has recently filed harassment charges with the police.This example shows possible problems with

In a study conducted by Lassiter and his colleagues (2005) ,participants observed a suspect confessing during a police interview.The results indicated that participants were more likely to perceive the confession as coerced when they viewed the confession

Misha is struggling with her computer.She is asked if she has difficulty using other computers on campus.The answer to this question provides information about

You used to envy your brother because he was always so confident when talking to others.Yet the older you become,the more you realize that your brother is more often convinced of things rather than accurate about things.Your brother's behavior can be explained by the

Which statement is the clearest example of an attribution?

Researchers randomly assigned participants to play the part of either a quiz game contestant or the host,while other participants merely observed the game.Results indicated that

Mike was the witness to a car accident in which a driver in an SUV disregarded a yield sign and crashed into sports car.When questioned,the police officer says,"How faster was the driver of the SUV going when he ran that stop sign?" A week later,when asked to recall the accident again,Mike reports the driver of the SUV running a stop sign.This is an example of

Research on gambling has found that throwing the dice or spinning the wheel increases people's confidence.This illustrates the

Despite reading numerous research studies that report the association of fast food consumption with heart disease and diabetes,Rachel continues to eat fast food and thinks that it is harmless.Rachel's thinking is an example of

When we are eager to seek information that verifies our beliefs but less inclined to seek evidence that might disprove our beliefs,the _______ has occurred.

The more we think on our theories and elaborate on how they might be true,the less open we are to outside information that challenges our beliefs.This statement is best explained by

After 9/11,many people abandoned air travel because of the