Question 1

In physical anthropology,why is it useful to examine sexual dimorphism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It relates to sexual courtship rituals in primates.
B)  It is the study of sexual intercourse between primates.
C)  It varies with the pattern of competition among males.
D)  It determines male and female social hierarchy.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 2

How do primates acquire food?

Accepted Answer

A)  through cooperation among kin groups,mostly by hunting
B)  through a wide variety of food-foraging strategies
C)  through a limited set of highly specialized foraging strategies
D)  through the use of highly developed material cultureE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Macaques and humans in Indonesia sometimes interact,especially where there are temples. What is an example of a benefit and a cost,to the monkeys,of this interaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  The monkeys are exposed to disease;the monkeys obtain extra food.
B)  The monkeys are sacrificed at the temples;the monkeys are protected from predators.
C)  The monkeys are captured,neutered,and released;the monkeys are fed food scraps.
D)  Some monkeys are taken for food by the humans;the monkeys are fed to fatten them up for market.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

The higher the social rank of a female primate,the:

Accepted Answer

A)  lower her access to resources and the lower the survival rate of her offspring.
B)  lower her access to resources and the greater the survival rate of her offspring.
C)  greater her access to resources,which results in lower birth rates.
D)  greater her access to resources,which results in higher birth rates.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Why are primates social?

Accepted Answer

Generally primates that cooperate in soc...

Question 6

How do primates communicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  through a system of adaptation that varies among social groups
B)  through the use of symbols
C)  through speech learned from primatologists
D)  through vocalizations and gestures that serve a range of functions and contextsE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Why do predator-specific vocalizations in Diana monkeys vary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each type of predator requires a different escape strategy.
B)  They have been conditioned in the lab by primatologist.
C)  Emotional impulses are produced randomly and involuntarily.
D)  They are a result of individual factors,as in humans.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

What does the term polyandrous describe?

Accepted Answer

A)  a social group that includes one reproductively active female and several adult males and their offspring
B)  a social group that includes one female and several males
C)  a word meaning "many offspring"
D)  a social group that includes one adult male and several adult females and their offspringE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Many primate societies are complex and involve their members forming alliances.How can these alliances be formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  by rank,age,and kinship
B)  by relative age,which is affected by "baby booms"
C)  only by rank
D)  primarily by species and subspeciesE) C) and D)
F) B) and C) A

Question 10

What do primatologists study?

Accepted Answer

A)  the relationships between specific social behaviors and reproductive fitness
B)  only physical aspects of primates
C)  cultural anthropology
D)  archaeologyE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

What does variation in predator-specific vocalizations in the monkeys of the Tai Forest include?

Accepted Answer

A)  stress calls between kin only
B)  mating calls between dominant primates only
C)  two different alarm calls indicating another group of chimpanzees or humans
D)  two different loud alarm calls in response to aerial and terrestrial predatorsE) All of the above
F) A) and D) D

Question 12

How is sexual selection best defined?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the physical competition for access to females.
B)  It is the competition for resources to access females.
C)  It is natural selection in one sex caused by a trait's attractiveness to members of the opposite sex.
D)  It is the selection of males by females on the basis of disposition,physical appearance,and hierarchical position.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Altruistic behavior benefits others while being a disadvantage to the altruistic individual.What observation might best explain this behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Helping behavior directed toward related individuals is costly and has probably never evolved;most altruistic behavior is random.
B)  Altruistic behavior is most common in groups with a low degree of genetic relatedness.
C)  Altruistic behavior is widespread in primates,but as observed by Wrangham,is absent in chimpanzees.
D)  Altruistic behavior is often directed toward related individuals and enhances inclusive fitness.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

One group of primates has a body size dimorphism index of about 1.3 and a relative canine size index of about 1.3.For gorillas,these numbers are about 1.6 and 1.4.For gibbons,these numbers are close to 1.What is the most likely group composition of the observed group of primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  single male
B)  multimale
C)  monogamous pair
D)  solitaryE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is true of tool use among primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primates have been observed using tools only after humans taught them how.
B)  Mother chimpanzees have been observed teaching their young how to use tools.
C)  All African chimpanzees use the same forms of tools.
D)  Primates have only been observed using tools in zoos.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

What behaviors does natural selection generally favor?

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviors that increase body size
B)  behaviors that increase brain size
C)  behaviors that limit population size
D)  behaviors that enhance survival and reproductionE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

What have scientists learned about the function of primate vocalizations and how they relate to the evolution of human language?

Accepted Answer

The use of playback experiments has incr...

Question 18

Why are primates social in the short term?

Accepted Answer

A)  to increase female fecundity in dominant females only
B)  to increase interaction between sexually mature males and females
C)  to establish social relationships to prevent attacks from predators
D)  to share food sourcesE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Male primates compete for access to females by:

Accepted Answer

A)  forming long-term cooperative relationships with multiple females.
B)  conducting infanticide and fighting other males for dominance.
C)  identifying their own rank,based on age,and waiting until reaching a certain age to approach females.
D)  bringing females a courtship gift such as fruit or a small mammal.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

How is the term polygynous defined?

Accepted Answer

A)  It means "many marriages."
B)  It means "many offspring."
C)  It refers to a social group that includes one female and several males.
D)  It refers to a social group that includes one adult male,several adult females,and their offspring.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C) D

Exam 7: Primate Sociality, social Behavior, and Culture

In physical anthropology,why is it useful to examine sexual dimorphism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do primates acquire food?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Macaques and humans in Indonesia sometimes interact,especially where there are temples. What is an example of a benefit and a cost,to the monkeys,of this interaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The higher the social rank of a female primate,the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are primates social?

Correct AnswerverifiedGenerally primates that cooperate in soc...View AnswerShow Answer

How do primates communicate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do predator-specific vocalizations in Diana monkeys vary?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the term polyandrous describe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many primate societies are complex and involve their members forming alliances.How can these alliances be formed?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

What do primatologists study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does variation in predator-specific vocalizations in the monkeys of the Tai Forest include?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

How is sexual selection best defined?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Altruistic behavior benefits others while being a disadvantage to the altruistic individual.What observation might best explain this behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One group of primates has a body size dimorphism index of about 1.3 and a relative canine size index of about 1.3.For gorillas,these numbers are about 1.6 and 1.4.For gibbons,these numbers are close to 1.What is the most likely group composition of the observed group of primates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of tool use among primates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What behaviors does natural selection generally favor?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What have scientists learned about the function of primate vocalizations and how they relate to the evolution of human language?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe use of playback experiments has incr...View AnswerShow Answer

Why are primates social in the short term?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Male primates compete for access to females by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is the term polygynous defined?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

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D

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The use of playback experiments has incr...
View Answer

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