Question 1

Which problem-solving strategy did the Wright brothers use to solve the challenge of powered human flight?

Accepted Answer

A)   finding a relevant analogy
B)   working backwards from small-order to large-order concerns
C)   formal logic
D)   breaking the problem into its component parts
E)   functional fixednessF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 2

After the outcome is known, people often have distorted thinking about their original expectations due to

Accepted Answer

A)   confirmation bias.
B)   hindsight bias.
C)   representativeness heuristic.
D)   availability heuristic.
E)   their prototypes.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

People are termed gifted in terms of intelligence if their IQ is above

Accepted Answer

A)   120.
B)   130.
C)   140.
D)   150.
E)   165.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

An 8-year-old child who scored like an average 10-year-old on an intelligence test would have a mental age of ________ and an IQ of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   8; 80
B)   8; 125
C)   10; 100
D)   10; 125
E)   18; 180F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

The process involved in forming a new mental representation by manipulating available information is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   thinking.
B)   cognition.
C)   intelligence.
D)   schema formation.
E)   conceptualizing.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

One of the reasons that people use algorithms is that these

Accepted Answer

A)   are intuitive and obvious.
B)   are flexible, because they are not too precise.
C)   can solve only certain problems.
D)   change over time as we become wiser.
E)   will always work if used properly.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Another name for a "fuzzy" concept is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   prototype.
B)   schema.
C)   heuristic.
D)   algorithm.
E)   natural concept.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 8

What group of people were often labeled "morons," "idiots," or "imbeciles" by early intelligence tests because they had limited English skills?

Accepted Answer

A)   Army recruits
B)   people with schizophrenia
C)   very young children
D)   immigrants to the United States
E)   persons living in the SouthF) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 9

An advantage of using a heuristic over an algorithm is that

Accepted Answer

A)   the heuristic insures a
B)   the heuristic takes longer and is more accurate.
C)   the heuristic can be quicker.
D)   the heuristic always works the same way.
E)   the heuristic fosters greater creativity.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 10

A loose screw on the visor causes it to drop down while Ben drives; however, he keeps forgetting to take a screwdriver out to the car to fix it. When he notices the visor drop again, he reaches into his pocket for a dime he uses to tighten the screw holding the visor. What problem-solving difficulty did Ben overcome?

Accepted Answer

A)   relative comparison
B)   functional fixedness
C)   poor problem representation
D)   the representative bias
E)   the availability biasF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

We can speak of ________ only within a group of individuals who have shared the same environment.

Accepted Answer

A)   achievement tests
B)   heritable differences
C)   intelligence quotients
D)   interpersonal validity
E)   aptitude reliabilityF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

An advantage of algorithms over heuristic is that

Accepted Answer

A)   algorithms are much faster.
B)   algorithms guarantee a
C)   algorithms are short-cuts.
D)   algorithms use rules-of-thumb.
E)   heuristics make solutions more difficult to find.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

A theory of intelligence with eight components was postulated by

Accepted Answer

A)   Gardner.
B)   Spearman.
C)   Sternberg.
D)   Terman.
E)   Cattell.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

What percent of the population has an intelligence quotient below 100?

Accepted Answer

A)   75 percent
B)   50 percent
C)   35 percent
D)   10 percent
E)   5 percentF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

A heuristic is BEST described as a

Accepted Answer

A)   rule of thumb.
B)   step-by-step procedure.
C)   time-consuming process that guarantees success.
D)   schema.
E)   categorization process from general to specific.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

Jordan is a 10-year-old boy who has a mental age of 8 years. His IQ would be

Accepted Answer

A)   80.
B)   100.
C)   125.
D)   140.
E)   185.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Tim and Jim are identical twins who were raised apart. Ned and Ed are fraternal twins who were raised together. Which pair of twins will have more similar IQ scores, if either?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tim and Jim
B)   Ned and Ed
C)   Their IQs will be the same, because environment and genetics interact equally across both cases.
D)   It is impossible to answer based on the given information.
E)   All twins have the same IQF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

A child whose IQ score is ________ would be classified as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   60; normal
B)   100; gifted
C)   60; mentally retarded
D)   150; normal
E)   60; giftedF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

What is the term used to describe an innate potential ability that we have within a specific domain?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the term used to describe...

Question 20

Describe the roles played by schemas and scripts in rational thought.

Accepted Answer

A schema is a cluste...

Exam 6: Thinking and Intelligence

An advantage of using a heuristic over an algorithm is that

Correct Answer
verified

An advantage of algorithms over heuristic is that

Correct Answer
verified

One of the reasons that people use algorithms is that these

Correct Answer
verified

We can speak of ________ only within a group of individuals who have shared the same environment.

Correct Answer
verified

The process involved in forming a new mental representation by manipulating available information is known as

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the roles played by schemas and scripts in rational thought.

Correct Answer
verified
A schema is a cluste...
View Answer

Jordan is a 10-year-old boy who has a mental age of 8 years. His IQ would be

Correct Answer
verified

An 8-year-old child who scored like an average 10-year-old on an intelligence test would have a mental age of and an IQ of .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What group of people were often labeled "morons," "idiots," or "imbeciles" by early intelligence tests because they had limited English skills?

Correct Answer
verified

Another name for a "fuzzy" concept is a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

A heuristic is BEST described as a

Correct Answer
verified

A child whose IQ score is would be classified as .

Correct Answer
verified

A theory of intelligence with eight components was postulated by

Correct Answer
verified

Tim and Jim are identical twins who were raised apart. Ned and Ed are fraternal twins who were raised together. Which pair of twins will have more similar IQ scores, if either?

Correct Answer
verified

People are termed gifted in terms of intelligence if their IQ is above

Correct Answer
verified

After the outcome is known, people often have distorted thinking about their original expectations due to

Correct Answer
verified

What percent of the population has an intelligence quotient below 100?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the term used to describe an innate potential ability that we have within a specific domain?

Correct Answer
verified

Which problem-solving strategy did the Wright brothers use to solve the challenge of powered human flight?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Thinking and Intelligence

An advantage of using a heuristic over an algorithm is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An advantage of algorithms over heuristic is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the reasons that people use algorithms is that these

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We can speak of ________ only within a group of individuals who have shared the same environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process involved in forming a new mental representation by manipulating available information is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the roles played by schemas and scripts in rational thought.

Correct AnswerverifiedA schema is a cluste...View AnswerShow Answer

Jordan is a 10-year-old boy who has a mental age of 8 years. His IQ would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An 8-year-old child who scored like an average 10-year-old on an intelligence test would have a mental age of ________ and an IQ of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What group of people were often labeled "morons," "idiots," or "imbeciles" by early intelligence tests because they had limited English skills?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Another name for a "fuzzy" concept is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A heuristic is BEST described as a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child whose IQ score is ________ would be classified as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A theory of intelligence with eight components was postulated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tim and Jim are identical twins who were raised apart. Ned and Ed are fraternal twins who were raised together. Which pair of twins will have more similar IQ scores, if either?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People are termed gifted in terms of intelligence if their IQ is above

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After the outcome is known, people often have distorted thinking about their original expectations due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percent of the population has an intelligence quotient below 100?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term used to describe an innate potential ability that we have within a specific domain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which problem-solving strategy did the Wright brothers use to solve the challenge of powered human flight?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A schema is a cluste...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

An 8-year-old child who scored like an average 10-year-old on an intelligence test would have a mental age of and an IQ of .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A child whose IQ score is would be classified as .

Correct Answer
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