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Exam 10: Social Stratification, Inequality, and Poverty

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Question 21

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Karen is a home care aid. She earns about $10 an hour and works 40 hours a week. She is unable to save, and last month her car broke down. She cannot afford to fix her car, being already late in paying her bills for gas and electricity. From this description of Karen's life, you conclude that she is a member of which class?

A) the middle class
B) the lower middle class
C) the working poor
D) the underclass

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Question 22

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Explain the distinction between relative and absolute poverty.

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Relative poverty is used to define peopl...

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Question 23

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Sandra is a corporate attorney. She graduated from Harvard Law School at the top of her class and earns $250,000 a year. Sociologists who evaluate Sandra's social position based on the dimensions of her income, education, and occupation would describe her as __________.

The fact that Apple Computer manufactures all iPads and iPhones in __________ is an example of __________.

Labor markets and government policies are both important factors that influence __________.

The dominant system of inequality prior to the advent of capitalism is known as __________.

__________ had the fewest opportunities for social inequality to emerge.

__________ are much more likely than __________ to live in poverty in the United States.

A group of friends are discussing their salaries. Among them they earn the following per year: $40,000, $50,000, $65,000, $68,000, and $75,000. What is the median salary among this group of friends?

It is often better to use the __________, instead of the __________, to measure household income because it is a more stable calculation that is influenced less by outliers.

Dawn works as a lawyer for a Fortune 500 company and recently bought her first home. She was the first person in her family to attend college. Even though while she was growing up her family was very busy working to pay rent and other bills-her dad worked as a janitor and her mother as a childcare assistant-her parents have always been supportive of her education and career goals. What sociological concept best describes Dawn's life?

To measure __________ sociologists can use intergenerational correlations between parents' and projected children's __________.

Before retirement, most people get most or all of their income from __________.

In 2012, the poverty line for a family of four was __________.

Because there are no obvious ways of determining how much opportunity individuals really have, social scientists measure it indirectly by examining __________.

Current research shows that there is a relationship between poverty, __________, and __________; this is particularly worrisome in the case of children.

The premise of the __________ is that billionaires, millionaires, and all those at the top of the income ladder are expected to pay more in taxes than minimum-wage employees.

Which of the following countries is much less egalitarian than the others?

Which of the following scenarios best represents outsourcing?

As a result of economic restructuring, average wages have __________ since the 1970s.