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Exam 2: Business Ethics

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Question 31

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Which of the following is true regarding steps taken by news corporations to protect confidential records?

A) News corporations are putting numerous security barriers and encryptions around their records so that nobody can gain access to them.
B) News corporations are attempting to protect information written by their own employees, but efforts are not made to protect confidential sources because constitutional protection does not extend to confidential sources.
C) News corporations are not bothering with security barriers to the extent as in previous decades because government regulation requires that information be turned over, and there is no point in taking drastic measures to protect such information.
D) New regulations make significant privacy barriers illegal in regard to news corporations, so many barriers have been or are being removed.
E) Because of the respect given to confidential records by the U.S. government and its enforcement agencies, news corporations see little need to enhance protection of confidential records.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Question 32

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Which of the following is true regarding activities of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board?

A) The Board ensures that auditors and public accounting firms compile accurate and truthful financial reports for the companies they audit, but it has no responsibility in regard to whistle-blowing protection.
B) The Board requires that companies devise a system that allows employees to report suspicions of unethical behavior, but it does not address financial reports prepared by auditors and public accounting firms.
C) The Board requires that the universalization test be used as the primary ethical guideline and also mandates protection for whistle-blowers who report suspicious activity involving financial reports.
D) The Board ensure that auditors and public accounting firms compile accurate and truthful financial reports for the companies they audit and also requires that companies devise a system that allows employees to report suspicions of unethical behavior.
E) The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board was abolished during the Obama administration and no longer exists.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Question 33

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What do the letters "WPH" mean in reference to the "WPH Framework for Business Ethics" discussed in the text?

Which of the following is the application of ethics to special problems and opportunities experienced by those in business?

"Fast Food Dilemma." Richard, who just started at his new job as an assistant manager at a fast-food restaurant, wants to make a good impression. He thinks that things are going great. On only the second day on the job, however, he sees his boss Jill, the manager, slink out of the restaurant with a big box of hamburger that she puts in her car. Jill then speeds away. Richard is fairly certain that Jill did not pay for the hamburger. Richard asks advice of his best friend, Bruce; his girlfriend, Sally; his sister, Jenny; and his dad, Frank. Bruce says that there are no real objective standards and that Richard should just decide what is best for him. Sally says that Richard should focus on the consequences and focus on the greatest benefit to all involved. She believes that it will do no real harm for Richard to keep his mouth shut because the fast-food restaurant is making plenty of money and probably does not pay Jill enough anyway. Plus, getting in trouble with Jill could cause problems at work, and if Richard loses his job, Richard and Sally might have to put off their marriage. Jenny says that on balance the rule producing the greatest good would be to tell Jill because stealing does not generally produce the greatest satisfaction. Richard's dad says that as a matter of principle Richard should tell Jill because stealing is simply wrong. -Which of the following theories most accurately fits the advice given by Bruce?

The ______ holds that the right course of action is the option most consistent with the building and maintaining of human relationships.

"Environmental Concerns." Connie, the president of a company that makes paper, has a new interest in the environment. She recently went to a seminar on environmental dangers and has decided to take steps to clean things up. She started at home and has now felt compelled to change things at work. Connie had to face the fact that her company has been cheating and is not in compliance with applicable environmental regulations due to dumping in a nearby river. Her company has never been cited because it employs a very large number of people in the community, including the mayor's wife and the chief-of-police's brother. On her mission to clean things up, Connie has decided to go even further than the law requires and install the very latest environmental protections. When she announced her plan, the chair of the company's board of directors, Brooke, had a meeting with Connie. Brooke told Connie to analyze the situation carefully because the cost of the additional equipment would mean no dividend to shareholders and no raise for employees. Furthermore, Brooke told Connie that installing all the new equipment would result in higher prices for the company's paper product and could bankrupt the company because of foreign competition. Brooke hinted that Connie could be fired if she persisted. Brooke suggested that Connie just be concerned with a minimal standard of ethics. Connie decides to go forward with her plan to clean things up under the theory that she wants to treat others in the same manner that she wants to be treated. Under Connie's theory, if she did not understand the importance of the environmental improvements, she would want them to be thrust upon her. -Which of the following is true regarding meeting the minimal standard of business ethics suggested by Brooke?

The "public disclosure" test for ethical behavior is sometimes referred to as the ______ test.

The social responsibility of business consists only of the expectations employees have of employers.

Which of the following is true under the WPH process of ethical decision making?

Which of the following helps explain why the principle of deontology may be difficult to apply?

The idea that we should interact with other people in a manner consistent with the manner in which we would like them to interact with us is called the ______.

A business manager who deceives everyone because the manager believes that deception maximizes pleasure over pain in a given situation is acting consistently with which ethical theory?

A business manager may consider it wrong to terminate a person whose spouse has terminal cancer because a firm has an absolute obligation to support its employees when they are vulnerable, period. The business manager is acting consistently with which ethical theory?

Which of the following is true regarding revelations involving Enron and WorldCom?

The ______ for ethical behavior seeks consideration of what the world would be like if a decision is copied by everyone else.

Sally is the president of AAA Components, a company that makes small parts for the automotive industry. Customers of AAA components are primarily auto manufacturers. Sally's cousin, Frank, works at the company as a sales representative. A promotion to the sales manager position is open. Frank has applied and so has Susan, another sales representative. While both Frank and Susan are good employees, they are skilled in different areas. Susan is excellent with technology and with placing orders. She does an excellent job in following through with order problems. Frank, on the other hand, is better with customer relations, and customers seem to like him better. Sally would like to promote Frank but she has two concerns. Her first concern is that she does not want it to be perceived that she is being unfair because Frank is family. Her second concern is that she has a suspicion that some customers are somewhat prejudiced against Susan because she is female. Most customers with whom the sales representatives deal are male, and Sally suspects that they may give Frank more consideration than Sally. Define and discuss the WPH framework for business ethics, and within that framework propose a solution. Be sure to fully address the populations, purposes, and guidelines included within "W," "P," and "H."

How is absolutism different from ethical relativism and situational ethics?

Which of the following are stakeholders of a business?

The ______ adherents believe that when one individual, the caregiver, meets the needs of one other person, the cared-for party, the caregiver is helping to meet the needs of all the individuals who fall within the cared-for party's web of care.