Question 1

Which of the following animals possesses a brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  earthworm
B)  flatworm
C)  sponge
D)  cnidarianE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

All nervous system responses involve input from the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The initial depolarization associated with the action potential is the consequence of the opening of voltage-gated _____ channels at the axon hillock.

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium
B)  calcium
C)  sodium
D)  chlorideE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

At which synapse in the knee-extension reflex would you expect to find an IPSP?

Accepted Answer

A)  the synapse between the sensory neuron and the extensor muscle motor neuron
B)  the synapse between the extensor muscle motor neuron and the extensor muscle
C)  the synapse between the sensory neuron and the interneuron
D)  the synapse between the interneuron and the flexor motor neuronE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Atropine is a poison that blocks nerve action by binding to ACh receptors. Where would you expect to find atropine bound on the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  at letter C
B)  at letter D
C)  at letter E
D)  at letter F
E)  at letter C, letter D, letter E, and letter FF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

You are a doctor examining a patient who fell and was injured. You conduct the patellar reflex test by tapping on his right patellar tendon. The patient's leg does not move in response to your tap. What can you conclude from this test?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient has definitely sustained a brain injury.
B)  The patient may have a motor nerve injury.
C)  The patient may have a sensory nerve injury.
D)  The patient may have a spinal cord injury.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT associated with saltatory propagation of action potentials?

Accepted Answer

A)  myelination
B)  nodes of Ranvier
C)  variable concentration of voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels along the axon
D)  faster signal transmission
E)  extremely low threshold potentialF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 8

The large Mauthner cell in fish is the _____ in response to a threatening visual stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus
B)  sensor
C)  effector
D)  responseE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

The magnitude of the action potential is correlated with the strength of the stimulating input.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The term "saltatory propagation" refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  role of ions such as sodium and potassium in producing the action potential.
B)  ability of an action potential to "jump" from one node of Ranvier to the next.
C)  tendency of an action potential to move in one direction.
D)  All of these choices are correct.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the diagrams below BEST represents the anatomical system responsible for a spinal reflex circuit?

Accepted Answer

A)  diagram A
B)  diagram B
C)  diagram CD) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 12

The ability of a postsynaptic cell to respond to a neurotransmitter depends on:

Accepted Answer

A)  an action potential in the presynaptic cell.
B)  release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell.
C)  presence of ligand-gated ion channel receptors on the postsynaptic cell.
D)  All of these choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

When an environmental stimulus is received, the signal is usually transmitted through three types of nerve cells. In which order is the signal transmitted through these cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons
B)  motor neurons, sensory neurons, interneurons
C)  sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons
D)  interneurons, sensory neurons, motor neurons
E)  motor neurons, interneurons, sensory neuronsF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Reciprocal inhibition is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

A)  the knee-extension reflex.
B)  the body bending during escape swimming caused by the Mauthner cell circuit of fish.
C)  voluntary motor behavior controlled by the brain.D) None of the above
E) All of the above

Question 15

Which part of a neuron is associated with receiving information?

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite
B)  cell body
C)  axon
D)  synapseE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

What character state distinguishes cnidarians from bilaterians in the phylogenetic tree in Figure 35.2?

Accepted Answer

A)  presence or absence of ganglia
B)  presence or absence of sensory neurons
C)  presence or absence of interneurons
D)  presence or absence of motor neuronsE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

When the dentist gives you a shot of anesthetic before drilling into a tooth, she is numbing a nerve in your mouth, which is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  cranial nerve, part of the peripheral nervous system.
B)  cranial nerve, part of the central nervous system.
C)  spinal nerve, part of the peripheral nervous system.
D)  spinal nerve, part of the central nervous system.
E)  None of the answer options is correct.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following ions does NOT contribute to information flow in a nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride
B)  calcium
C)  hydrogen
D)  potassiumE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

"The ability to maintain a steady physiological state in the face of a changing environment" is the definition of:

Accepted Answer

A)  parasympathetic division.
B)  homeostasis.
C)  knee-extension reflex.
D)  reciprocal inhibition.
E)  somatic response.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

Membrane potential is determined by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  number and types of ion-channel proteins present in the plasma membrane of a cell.
B)  difference in concentration of ions and charged molecules on the two sides of a cell's plasma membrane.
C)  number and type of phospholipids present in a membrane.
D)  concentration of cholesterol in a membrane.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Exam 35: Animal Nervous Systems

Membrane potential is determined by the:

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The ability of a postsynaptic cell to respond to a neurotransmitter depends on:

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You are a doctor examining a patient who fell and was injured. You conduct the patellar reflex test by tapping on his right patellar tendon. The patient's leg does not move in response to your tap. What can you conclude from this test?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the dentist gives you a shot of anesthetic before drilling into a tooth, she is numbing a nerve in your mouth, which is a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"The ability to maintain a steady physiological state in the face of a changing environment" is the definition of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term "saltatory propagation" refers to the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which part of a neuron is associated with receiving information?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The large Mauthner cell in fish is the _____ in response to a threatening visual stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When an environmental stimulus is received, the signal is usually transmitted through three types of nerve cells. In which order is the signal transmitted through these cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Atropine is a poison that blocks nerve action by binding to ACh receptors. Where would you expect to find atropine bound on the figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All nervous system responses involve input from the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the diagrams below BEST represents the anatomical system responsible for a spinal reflex circuit?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The magnitude of the action potential is correlated with the strength of the stimulating input.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At which synapse in the knee-extension reflex would you expect to find an IPSP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reciprocal inhibition is responsible for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT associated with saltatory propagation of action potentials?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What character state distinguishes cnidarians from bilaterians in the phylogenetic tree in Figure 35.2?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The initial depolarization associated with the action potential is the consequence of the opening of voltage-gated _____ channels at the axon hillock.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following animals possesses a brain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following ions does NOT contribute to information flow in a nervous system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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